Magirazi haashanduki kune vanhu vazhinji, uye iro ndiro rinoita basa guru mukugadzirisa myopia uye kugadzirisa spectacle fitting. Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzemachira pamagirazi,zvakaita semachira egirini, machira ebhuruu, machira ebhuruu-pepuru, uye kunyange anonzi "machira egoridhe emunharaunda" (izwi rinowanzo shandiswa kureva machira egoridhe).Kupera kwemavara egirazi ndicho chimwe chezvikonzero zvikuru zvekutsiva magirazi. Nhasi, ngatidzidzei nezveruzivo rwakabatana nemachira egirazi.
Magirazi asati agadzirwa, magirazi ndiwo chete aiwanikwa pamusika. Magirazi ane zvakanakira zvakaita se high refractive index, high light transmittance, uye high hardness, asi anewo zvikanganiso: zviri nyore kupwanya, zvinorema, uye hazvina kuchengetedzeka, pakati pezvimwe.
Kuti vagadzirise zvikanganiso zvemagirazi egirazi, vakatsvaga nekugadzira zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana vachiedza kutsiva magirazi ekugadzira magirazi. Zvisinei, dzimwe nzira idzi hadzina kunaka—chinhu chimwe nechimwe chine zvakanakira nezvachinokanganisa, zvichiita kuti zvisakwanise kuita basa rakaringana rinofukidza zvese zvinodiwa. Izvi zvinosanganisira kunyange magirazi eresin (zvinhu zveresin) anoshandiswa nhasi.
Kune maresin lenses emazuva ano, kufukidza ibasa rinokosha.Zvinhu zveResin zvinewo marudzi akasiyana-siyana, akadai seMR-7, MR-8, CR-39, PC, uye NK-55-C.Kunewo zvimwe zvinhu zvakawanda zveresin, chimwe nechimwe chine hunhu hwakasiyana zvishoma. Ingava lenzi yegirazi kana resin lens, kana chiedza chikapfuura nepamusoro pelenzi, pane zviitiko zvakawanda zve optical zvinoitika: reflection, refraction, absorption, scattering, uye transmission.
Kupfeka Kunodzivirira Kupenya
Chiedza chisati chasvika pamusoro pe lenzi, simba rayo rechiedza rinosvika 100%. Zvisinei, kana chikabuda kumashure kwe lenzi yopinda muziso remunhu, simba rechiedza harisisiri 100%. Kana chikamu chesimba rechiedza chikaramba chiripo, kufambiswa kwechiedza kuri nani, uye kunaka kwemifananidzo uye resolution yacho zvinokwira.
Kune mhando yakatarwa yezvinhu zvemalenzi, kuderedza kurasikirwa nekupenya inzira yakajairika yekuvandudza kupenya kwechiedza. Kana chiedza chikapenya zvakanyanya, kupenya kwelenzi kunowedzera kuderera, uye kunaka kwemifananidzo kunowedzera kuderera. Saka, anti-reflection yave nyaya huru inofanira kugadziriswa pamalenzi eresin—uye iyi ndiyo nzira iyo machira ekudzivirira kupenya (anozivikanwawo semafirimu ekudzivirira kupenya kana machira eAR) anoshandiswa kumalenzi (pakutanga, machira ekudzivirira kupenya aishandiswa pane mamwe malenzi e optical).
Machira ekudzivirira kupenya anoshandisa musimboti wekupindira. Anowana hukama huripo pakati pechiedza chinopenya chelayer rekudzivirira kupenya kwelenzi yakaputirwa nezvinhu zvakaita sehurefu hwechiedza chechiitiko, ukobvu hwemachira, indekisi yekudzivirira kupenya, uye indekisi yekudzivirira kupenya yelenzi. Dhizaini iyi inoita kuti mwaranzi yechiedza inopfuura nepakati pechirairo isiyane, zvichideredza kurasikirwa kwesimba rechiedza pamusoro pelenzi uye kuvandudza kunaka kwemifananidzo uye kugadziriswa kwayo.
Mazhinji machira ekudzivirira kupenya anogadzirwa nema oxide esimbi akachena zvakanyanya akadai setitanium oxide ne cobalt oxide. Zvinhu izvi zvinoiswa pamusoro pe lens kuburikidza ne evaporation process (vacuum evaporation coating) kuti zvive ne anti-reflective effect inoshanda. Zvasara zvinowanzo gara mushure me anti-reflective coating process, uye mazhinji emachira aya anoratidza ruvara rwegirini.
Muchokwadi, ruvara rwemachira ekudzivirira kupenya runogona kudzorwa—semuenzaniso, anogona kugadzirwa semachira ebhuruu, machira ebhuruu-pepuru, machira epepuru, machira egrey, nezvimwewo. Machira emavara akasiyana anosiyana maererano nemaitiro avo ekugadzira. Tora machira ebhuruu semuenzaniso: machira ebhuruu anoda kudzora kupenya kwakaderera, zvichiita kuti maitiro avo ekupenya ave akaoma kupfuura egirinhi. Zvisinei, musiyano wekufambiswa kwechiedza pakati pemachira ebhuruu negirinhi ungave uri pasi pe1%.
Muzvigadzirwa zvemalenzi, machira ebhuruu anonyanya kushandiswa mumalenzi epakati kusvika epamusoro. Panyaya iyi, machira ebhuruu ane simba guru rekufambisa chiedza kupfuura machira egirini (zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti izvi "zviri pachena"). Izvi zvinodaro nekuti chiedza musanganiswa wemafungu ane marefu akasiyana ehurefu, uye nzvimbo dzemifananidzo yemarefu akasiyana ehurefu pa retina dzinosiyana. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairwa, chiedza cheyero-girini chinoratidzwa zvakananga pa retina, uye chiedza chegirini chinobatsira zvakanyanya kuruzivo rwekuona—nokudaro, ziso remunhu rinonyanya kunzwa chiedza chegirini.
Nguva yekutumira: Mbudzi-06-2025