Myopia (nearboneness) yave dambudziko guru repasi rose kune vechidiki,zvinokonzereswa nezvinhu zviviri zvakakosha: nguva yakareba iri pedyo nebasa (senge maawa 4-6 pazuva ekuita basa rechikoro, makirasi epamhepo, kana kutamba mitambo) uye nguva shoma yekunze. Sekureva kwedata reWorld Health Organization (WHO), vanopfuura 80% vevechidiki muEast Asia vanotambura nemyopia - yakakwira zvikuru kupfuura avhareji yepasi rose ye30%. Chinoita kuti izvi zvinyanye kunetsa ndechekuti maziso evechidiki achiri padanho rekukura: maziso avo (daro kubva kucornea kuenda ku retina) anoreba nekukurumidza pazera remakore 12-18. Kana isingarapwe, myopia inogona kuipa ne100-200 degrees gore rega rega, zvichiwedzera njodzi yezvinetso zvemaziso zvenguva refu senge myopia yakakwira, retinal detachment, uye kunyange glaucoma pakukura.
Magirazi echinyakare ekuona kamwe chete anongogadzirisa kuona kusina kujeka kuripo kwedaro—haaiti chinhu chinononotsa kufambira mberi kwemyopia. Apa ndipo panoonekwa magirazi e multi-point defocus senzira inochinja-chinja mutambo. Kusiyana nemagirazi echinyakare, ayo anogadzira "hyperopic defocus" (mufananidzo usina kujeka) kuseri kwe retina, magirazi aya akasarudzika anoshandisa ma micro-lens clusters chaiwo kana optical zones pamusoro pe lens. Dhizaini iyi inoita kuti pave nekuona kwakajeka pakati pemabasa ezuva nezuva (sekuverenga bhuku rechikoro kana kuona bhodhi rekirasi) uku vachigadzira "myopic defocus" (mifananidzo yakajeka ye peripheral) munzvimbo dzekunze dze retina. Kuona uku kwe peripheral defocus kunotumira chiratidzo che "stop growing" kuziso, zvichideredza kurebesa kwe eye axis—chinokonzera kuwedzera kwe myopia. Zvidzidzo zvekiriniki muAsia neEurope zvakaratidza nguva dzose kuti magirazi e multi-point defocus anoderedza kufambira mberi kwe myopia ne50-60% zvichienzaniswa nemagirazi echinyakare.
Kunze kwebasa rayo guru rekudzora myopia, magirazi aya akagadzirirwa mararamiro evechidiki. Mazhinji acho akagadzirwa nezvinhu zvinodzivirira kukuvadzwa nepolycarbonate, izvo zvinogona kutsungirira kudonha netsaona (zvinowanzoitwa nemabhachi kana zvipfeko zvemitambo) uye zvinogara kwenguva refu kagumi kupfuura magirazi enguva dzose. Zvakare akareruka—ane huremu hushoma ne30-50% pane magirazi echinyakare—anoderedza kushushikana kwemaziso uye kusagadzikana kunyangwe mushure memaawa masere kana kupfuura ekupfeka (zuva rechikoro rose pamwe nemabasa epashure pechikoro). Marudzi mazhinji anosanganisirawo dziviriro yeUV yakavakirwa mukati, ichidzivirira maziso evechidiki kubva kumwaranzi inokuvadza yeUVA/UVB pavanenge vari panze (semuenzaniso, kufamba kuenda kuchikoro kana kutamba nhabvu).
Kuti malenzi awedzere kushanda zvakanaka, anofanira kusanganiswa nemaitiro ari nyore asi anowirirana. Mutemo wekuti "20-20-20" uri nyore kutevedzera: maminetsi makumi maviri ega ega ekutarisa kana kushanda pedyo, tarisa chinhu chiri kure nemamita makumi maviri (anenge mamita matanhatu) kwemasekonzi makumi maviri kuti unyaradze tsandanyama dzemaziso dzakashanda zvakanyanya. Nyanzvi dzinokurudzirawo maawa maviri ekushanda panze zuva nezuva—zuva rechisikigo rinobatsira kudzora zviratidzo zvekukura kwemaziso uye rinoderedza myopia. Pamusoro pezvo, kuongororwa kwemaziso kwekota kwega kwega kwakakosha: vanachiremba vemaziso vanogona kutarisa kufambira mberi kwemyopia uye kugadzirisa mishonga yelenzi sezvinodiwa kuti vaenderane nehutano hwemaziso hwevechidiki hunochinja.
Magirazi e multi-point defocus haasi kungogadzirisa maziso chete—asi anochengetedza hutano hwemaziso hwevechidiki. Nekugadzirisa chikonzero chikuru chekufambira mberi kwe myopia uye kukodzera muhupenyu hwevechidiki, anopa nzira yakavimbika yekuchengetedza kuona kwakajeka ikozvino uye mune ramangwana.
Nguva yekutumira: Mbudzi-25-2025