Nekureba kwemaawa ezuva uye chiedza chezuva chakanyanya, kufamba mumigwagwa, hazvisi zvakaoma kuona kuti vanhu vakawanda vari kupfeka magirazi e photochromic kupfuura kare. Magirazi ezuva anonyorerwa nachiremba ave ari kuwedzera mari inowanikwa muindasitiri yekutengesa maziso mumakore achangopfuura, uye magirazi e photochromic achiri chinhu chikuru mukutengesa kwezhizha. Kutengeswa kwemagirazi e photochromic kumusika uye kugamuchirwa kwevatengi kunobva mumaitiro avo, dziviriro yechiedza, uye zvinodiwa zvekutyaira.
Mazuva ano, vanhu vakawanda vava kuziva nezvekukuvadzwa kunogona kuitwa nemwaranzi ye ultraviolet paganda. Chinovhara zuva, ma parasol, ma baseball caps, uye kunyange ice silk arm covers zvave zvinhu zvakakosha pakubuda muzhizha. Kukuvadzwa kunoitwa nemwaranzi ye UV kumaziso kungasaonekwa nekukurumidza seganda rakatsvukira, asi nekufamba kwenguva, kuratidzwa zvakanyanya kunogona kutungamira kumigumisiro yakaipa. Zvirwere zvemaziso zvakaita se cataracts uye age-related macular degeneration zvaratidzwa kuti zvine hukama hwakananga kana husina kunanga nekuratidzwa kweUV. Parizvino, vatengi vekuChina havana pfungwa yakabatana yekuti "nguva yekupfeka magirazi ezuva" zvichibva pamamiriro ezuva. Kazhinji, nharaunda yemwenje yekunze inotoda dziviriro yechiedza, asi vatengi vazhinji vanofunga kuti "hazvina basa" uye vanosarudza kusapfeka. Zvichienderana neizvi, ma lenses e photochromic, ayo anopa kugadzirisa kuona uye dziviriro yechiedza pasina chikonzero chekubviswa semagirazi ezuva enguva dzose munzvimbo dzakasiyana, ari kuwana kugamuchirwa nevanhu vakawanda.
Nheyo yekuchinja kwemavara mumalenzi e-photochromic yakavakirwa pa "photochromism." Munzvimbo dzekunze, malenzi aya anosviba kuita semagirazi ezuva uye anodzokera pakujeka uye kujeka mukati memba. Hunhu uhwu hwakabatana nechinhu chinozivikanwa sesilver halide. Munguva yekugadzira, vagadziri vemalenzi vanoisa pasi kana firimu remalenzi nema microcrystals esilver halide. Kana akaonekwa nechiedza chakasimba, silver halide inoora kuita maion esirivha nemaion ehalide, ichitora chiedza cheultraviolet nechiedza chinoonekwa. Kana chiedza chiri munzvimbo yacho chadzikira, maion esirivha nemaion ehalide zvinobatana kuita silver halide pasi pesimba re copper oxide, zvichiita kuti ruvara rwelenzi ruve rwakajeka kusvika rwava pachena uye rwakajeka zvakare.
Kuchinja kwemavara mumalenzi e photochromic kunokonzerwa nekuchinja kwemakemikari kwakasiyana-siyana, nechiedza (kusanganisira chiedza chinoonekwa uye chiedza che ultraviolet) chichiita basa guru mukuchinja uku. Zviri pachena kuti kushanda kwekuchinja kwemavara kunokonzerwa nemwaka nemamiriro ekunze, saka hazviwanzoiti kuti pave nemhedzisiro yakagadzikana uye inogara kwenguva refu.
Kazhinji, mumamiriro ekunze ane zuva, simba remwaranzi ye ultraviolet rinosimba, zvichikonzera kuti pave ne photochromic reaction yakasimba, uye ma lenses anosviba zvakanyanya. Kusiyana neizvi, pamazuva ane makore, apo UV mwaranzi uye chiedza zvinodzikira, ma lenses anoita seakareruka. Uyezve, sezvo tembiricha ichikwira, ruvara rwema lenses e photochromic runodzikira zvishoma nezvishoma. Kusiyana neizvi, kana tembiricha yadzikira, ma lenses anosviba zvishoma nezvishoma. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti patembiricha yakakwira, ma ions esirivha nema ions e halide, ayo akamboora kare, anoderedzwa kuita silver halide pasi pesimba rakawanda, zvichiita kuti ruvara rwema lenses ruwedzere kujeka.
Nezvemalenzi e photochromic, kunewo mibvunzo yakajairika uye pfungwa dzekuziva:
Magirazi e photochromic ane kupenya/kujeka kushoma here kana tichienzanisa nemagirazi akajairwa?
Magirazi emhando yepamusoro e photochromic haana ruvara zvachose kana asina kuvhurwa uye haana chiedza chakawanda kupfuura magirazi akajairwa.
Sei magirazi e photochromic asingachinje ruvara?
Kushaikwa kwekuchinja kwemavara mumalenzi ephotochromic kune chekuita nezvinhu zviviri: mamiriro echiedza uye photochromic agent (silver halide). Kana asingachinje ruvara kunyangwe muchiedza chakasimba uye mumwaranzi yeUV, zvingangoita kuti photochromic agent yakakuvara.
Ko kuchinja kwemavara kwemalenzi e photochromic kuchawedzera here nekufamba kwenguva?
Kufanana nemalenzi ese akajairwa, malenzi ane photochromic anogara kwenguva refu. Kana akatarisirwa zvakanaka, anowanzogara kwemakore anopfuura 2-3.
Sei magirazi e photochromic achizosviba zvachose nekufamba kwenguva?
Kana magirazi e photochromic akasviba nekufamba kwenguva uye asingakwanise kudzokera kujeka zvachose, imhaka yekuti chinhu chavo che photochromic hachikwanise kudzokera kumamiriro acho ekutanga mushure mekuchinja ruvara, zvichikonzera ruvara rwakasara. Izvi zvinowanzoitika mumagirazi asina kunaka, nepo magirazi e photochromic akanaka asina dambudziko iri.
Sei magirazi egrey ari iwo anonyanya kuwanikwa pamusika?
Magirazi egrey anogona kunwisa infrared uye 98% yemwaranzi yeUV. Chinhu chikuru chine magirazi egrey ndechekuti haachinje mavara ekutanga ezvinhu, zvichideredza simba rechiedza. Anonwisa chiedza zvakaenzana pamativi ese, saka zvinhu zvinoita sezvine rima asi zvisina kukanganisa kukuru kwemavara, zvichipa maonero echokwadi uye echisikigo. Pamusoro pezvo, grey ivara risina kuenzana, rakakodzera munhu wese, zvichiita kuti rive rakakurumbira mumusika.
Nguva yekutumira: Ndira-11-2024